The author solves two main tasks, firstly, substantiating the important role of traditional culture and ethnocultural diversity in ensuring the sustainability of modern social development, and secondly, diagnosing the conceptual foundations of Russia's state policy in relation to ethnocultural diversity. The problem is getting more acute in the context of the current crisis of globalization driven by the COVID-2019 pandemic. The author draws attention to the ambiguous consequences of globalization, which, on the one hand, offsets ethnocultural differences, on the other hand, stimulates their preservation as a resource for countering the unifying trend, conditioning an increased demand for unique cultural phenomena and forms certain prerequisites for this.

The author argues that at present the traditional culture of different peoples exists in the form of neo-traditionalism, and its stability is manifested in the expansion of ethnocultural diversity. The effectiveness of the management system largely determines the possibilities of using its resources for social development. Also important are the conceptual foundations in the views of the very phenomenon of ethnocultural diversity, on which the doctrinal foundations of public policy are based. The analysis of the Strategy of the State National Policy of the Russian Federation let us conclude that the liberal-constructivist interpretation of ethnocultural diversity dominates, which does not allow to implement fully the targets for its preservation. The author substantiates a need for real support of ethnic communities in their effort to preserve relevant elements of ethnic culture in different spheres of life.

Keywords: pandemic, globalization, instability, ethnic culture, ethnocultural diversity, ethnocultural neo-traditionalism, national policy.

Yuri V. Popkov – Doctor of Philosophy, Professor; Chief Researcher, Department of Social and Legal Studies, Institute of Philosophy and Law, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; e-mail: yuripopkov54@mail.ru.

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The information culture of students is studied as a structural element of their sociocultural potential. The study is focused on identifying trends in the development of the professional information culture of university students in the Middle Urals in the context of digitalization of the socio-cultural space. The research is based on a complex of sociological approaches used by the Ural academic school to study learners. The empirical base was made up of materials from questionnaires and content analysis of personal pages of the Vkontakte social network, subjects being university students in the Sverdlovskaya oblast. Professional information security culture is considered in two aspects – technological as cybersecurity and socio-cultural, which determines the meanings of the content.

Three aspects of the socio-cultural potential of modern students are revealed – cognitive (intellectual), ideological and socio-positional. The typology of students is presented on the basis of the correlation of worldview attitudes and the characteristics of the knowledge acquired. The article provides data on the degree of satisfaction with the quality of the developed soft-professional and hard-professional skills as an indicator of the cognitive aspect, on the attitude towards Russian citizenship, an indicator of the ideological and socio-positional aspect.

Self-assessment of students' digital skills is presented, the degree of importance of social networks and other means of electronic communication in relation to the future profession is clarified, information about the future profession is collected from the personal pages of students in the Vkontakte network. Differences are noted between groups of students majoring in liberal arts, natural science, mathematics, engineering, technical and socio-political.

The conclusion is made about the orientation towards the technological effectiveness of information knowledge, the insufficient level of the professional information culture and the potential of social networks to replenish it.

Keywords: students, socio-cultural potential, professionalization, professional information culture, information security, soft kills, hard skills, professional strategies, digital skills, social networks, messengers, cloud technologies.

Dmitry Yu. Narkhov – Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Organization of Work with Students, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, e-mail: d_narkhov@mail.ru.

Yelena N. Narkhova – Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Organization of Work with Students, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, e-mail: e_narkhova@mail.ru.

Sofya A. Yarutina – Master's degree student, Department of Organization of Work with Students, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, e-mail: sofik98@mail.ru.

Denis V. Shkurin – Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Applied Sociology, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, e-mail: vortexinform@gmail.com.

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The spheres of education and labor are interconnected, each having its specificity. Over the past decades, a large number of socioeconomic specialties have been created in Russia, which, according to statistics, are among the most widespread in the system of higher and secondary special education. Employment of young people majoring in social sciences remains understudied in sociological research. The empirical base of the study is an array of resumes written by young people in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, looking for work at HeadHunter portal. For comparative analysis, three groups were identified: graduates with the first academic degree in social sciences, young people with secondary vocational education, and undergraduates looking for a job. The analysis takes account of such parameters as a wish to pursue a career in accordance with the major (diploma), focus on the positions of secondary and higher qualification, scenarios of professional and labour mobility. As a result, a list of the most and least attractive positions was generated for each selected group. The largest number of candidates with an academic degree seeks to occupy positions in the field of business and administration, while students and graduates of secondary vocational institutions more often apply for secondary qualifications positions. A distinctive feature of job search by graduates of secondary specialized colleges is an active desire to work in the field of services and trade, while for university students and graduates this motive is less pronounced. All three groups of job seekers are characterized by horizontal mobility with retention of qualifications, upward and downward mobility, suggesting not only a change of position, but also a change in the qualification group.

Keywords: professional career, youth employment, job by profession, graduates, graduates of colleges, scenarios of search for work.

Elena A. Shinkarenko – Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of General Sociology and Social Work, Nizhny Novgorod National Research State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky, e-mail: elenashinkarenko@fsn.unn.ru.

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The article examines the data of a sociological survey of respondents on sport ethics. In the course of the research, a questionnaire was developed; the survey was conducted in 2019-2020, in which 288 respondents took part. The sample consisted of athletes of various qualifications, coaches, employees of sport organizations, students of sport schools, teachers and students of universities in Perm, as well as individuals who did not indicate their attitude to sport. The Rokeach Value Survey was applied to study the personality orientation in individuals. When analyzing the respondents' answers, the grouping method was used. Mathematical processing of the data obtained was carried out using the SPSS software, i.e. Statisticаl Packаge for the Sociаl Sciences, ver. 21. It was found that the answers of the survey participants are characterized by inconsistency and contradiction, thus limiting the possibility of an unambiguous interpretation of the research results. According to the authors, this is due to two reasons: a) the complexity and inconsistency of the subject offered to the respondents for assessment and judgment – sport in its current state, and b) blurring, contradictory moral ideas and ideological attitudes of the respondents. Opinions about the inadmissibility of an athlete to deviate from “fair play”, the use of deliberate rudeness and deception of the referee, as well as the unfairness of sanctions for doping against Russian athletes are predominant, supported by the majority of respondents. There are four types of moral consciousness that determine the ethical behavior of an athlete. The analysis of the variety of motives for an athlete to retreat from “fair play”, found in the respondents' answers, allows us to distinguish four types of an athlete's moral consciousness: idealistic, realistic, self-justifying and marginal, which can be determinants of an athlete's behavior in situations of sport rivalry.

Keywords: ideals of Olympism, sport ethics, sanctions for doping, sociological survey, moral consciousness, spiritual and moral education, the principle of “fair play”, individualism, collectivism, value orientations.

Viktor A. Burko – Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, e-mail: victor-burko@yandex.ru.

Aleksandr Ye. Zubkov – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Theory and Methods of Physical Culture and Tourism, Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, e-mail: zubkov@pspu.ru.

Yekaterina M. Nogovitsina – Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Normal Physiology, Perm State Medical University named after Academician E. A. Wagner, e‑mail: nogov81@list.ru.

1. Vizitei N.N., Manolaki V.G. Ideia olimpizma i realii sovremennogo mira [Olympic idea and realities of modern world]. Teoriia i praktika fizicheskoi kul'tury, 2011, no. 1, pp. 43–47.

2. Topekha T.A., Savin D.A. Sport v zhizni studenta [Sports in the student’s life]. PNRPU Sociology and Economics Bulletin, 2019, no. 4, pp. 78–84.

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4. Saraf M.Ia. Sport i ego gumanisticheskaia sushchnost' [Sport and its humanistic essence]. Dukhovnost'. Sport. Kul'tura, 1996, iss. 2, pp. 15–28.

5. Stoliarov V.I., Ipatov D.I. Problema gumanizatsii sovremennogo sporta i puti ee resheniia [The problem of humanization of modern sport and ways to solve it]. Dukhovnost'. Sport. Kul'tura, 1996, iss. 2, pp. 49–180.

6. Lubysheva L.I. Sotsiologiia fizicheskoi kul'tury i sporta [Sociology of physical culture and sports]. 3-rd ed., Moscow, Akademiia, 2010, 272 p.

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8. Vydrin V.M. Vliianie sporta na nravstvennoe vospitanie [Influence of sport on moral education]. Sport v sovremennom obshchestve. Moscow, 1980,
pp. 116–118.

9. Makarovskii A.A. Nekotorye voprosy teorii obshchestvennogo protsessa [Some questions of the theory of social process]. Nauchnye doklady vysshei shkoly. Filosofskie nauki, 1979, vol. 3, p. 79

10. Coubertin P. Olimpishe Erinnnerung (Russ. ed.: Kun L. Vseobshchaia istoriia fizicheskoi kul'tury i sporta, Moscow, Raduga, 1982, 229 p.).

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12. Levchenko V.V., Mialitsina Iu.F. Obraz zhizni sovremennykh rossiiskikh sportsmenov [Lifestyle of modern Russian athletes]. PNRPU Sociology and Economics Bulletin, 2017, no. 1, pp. 89–96.

13. Tishkov V.A. Zapis' lektsii na kanale VGTRK “Kul'tura” (21.04.2020 g.) [Videorecord of a lecture on the channel VGTRK “Kul'tura”. April 21, 2020]. Available at: https://smotrim.ru/video/1543 (accessed 03.02.2021).

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16. Stegnii V.N. Sotsiologicheskii podkhod k opredeleniiu kategorii “sotsial'nye ustanovki” i “tsennostnye orientatsii” [Sociological approach to defining the categories of “social attitudes” and “value orientations” of a personality]. PNRPU Sociology and Economics Bulletin, 2017, no. 2, pp. 8–17.

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18. Statisticheskii analiz dannykh v kolichestvennom sotsiologicheskom issledovanii [Statistical analysis of data in quantitative sociological research]. Sotsiologiia. Ed. V.N. Stegnii. Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 2020, pp. 198–206.

19. Zubkov A.E. Nravstvennye tsennosti sporta v aspekte sotsiologicheskogo analiza [Sport values in aspect of sociological analysis]. Fizicheskaia kul'tura: vospitanie, obrazovanie, trenirovka, 2020, no. 5, pp. 2–5.

20. Bal'sevich V.K. Olimpiiskii sport i fizicheskoe vospitanie: vzaimosviazi i dissotsiatsii [Olympic sport and physical education: Relationships and dissociation]. Teoriia i praktika fizicheskoi kul'tury, 1996, no. 10, pp. 3–6

The article is devoted to the issues of understanding amateur artistic creativity as a type of leisure practice, a means of developing vital forces and a social phenomenon in a changing social reality. Different ways of understanding the essence of creative amateur activity are discussed. The origins of the problem statement and the study of amateur creativity in classical philosophy are considered. The article analyzes the main theories of leisure that have been developed within the framework of the activity approach in sociology over the past hundred years and determine the importance of creative self-activity in the life of society. The main views on the concept of leisure by the leading experts of the sociology of culture in Russia and abroad are looked at, supplemented with the analysis of their terminology, e.g. leisure society, structured leisure and so on. Modern classifications of leisure activities and criteria for the allocation of serious leisure are presented. The relationship between the concepts of work and spare time is characterized in dynamics, with the existing contradictions revealed. The article analyzes the results of an empirical study of Russian sociologists devoted to identifying the role and nature of leisure among various categories of Russians. The author deals with the trends in the leisure sphere instigated by the accelerating informatization and automation in society. The influence of the postmodern philosophical and cultural paradigm on the transformations in the structure of free time is discussed. As an argument, we offer examples of the blurring of the boundaries between work and leisure in modern popular culture. The possibilities of personal self-realization in professional and leisure activities are determined. The result is the identification of the role of amateur artistic creativity in the process of socialization and the construction of a model for the functioning of a youth amateur creative association – a student vocal and instrumental ensemble, which is considered as a social group with the distribution of roles and interaction of participants.

Keywords: amateur artistic creativity, creative self-activity, cultural and leisure activities, leisure, activity approach, free time, students, soft skills.

Igor S. Garbuzov – Postgraduate Student (Sociology of culture), University of Humanities, Yekaterinburg, e-mail: igorgar@e1.ru.

1. Raitskaia L.K., Tikhonova E.V. Soft skills v predstavlenii prepodavatelei i studentov rossiiskikh universitetov v kontekste mirovogo opyta [Perception of soft skills by Russia’s university lecturers and students in the context of the world experience]. Vestnik RUDN. Psikhologiia i pedagogika, 2018, no. 3, pp. 350–363.

2. Schopenhauer A. Izbrannye proizvedeniia [Selected works]. Ed. I.S. Narskii. Moscow, Prosveshchenie, 1993, 479 p.

3. Bol'shakov A.V. Mnogoobrazie vidov tvorcheskoi deiatel'nosti [Various types of artistic activity]. Analitika kul'turologii, 2007, no. 1(7), pp. 7–12.

4. Tiurina Iu.A. Deiatel'nostnyi podkhod v sotsiologii v issledovanii otechestvennogo obrazovaniia [The effective orientation in sociology in the research of Russian education]. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Seriia 12. Psikhologiia. Sotsiologiia. Pedagogika, 2008, no. 3, pp. 295–306.

5. Kiseleva T.G. Sotsial'no-kul'turnaia deiatel'nost' [Socio-cultural activity]. Moscow, Moscow State University of Culture and Arts, 2004, 539 p.

6. Kolchinskaia V.Iu. Samodeiatel'noe muzykal'noe tvorchestvo kak faktor sotsializatsii molodezhi [Amateur musical art as a factor of youth socialization]. Ph.D. thesis. Yekaterinburg, 2001, 165 p.

7. Zborovskii G.E. Sotsiologiia dosuga i sotsiologiia kul'tury: poisk vzaimosviazi [Sociology of leisure and sociology of culture in search for interaction]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniia, 2006, no. 12, pp. 56–64.

8. Ambarova P.A., Zborovskii G.E. Vremia sotsial'noi obshchnosti [Time of social community]. Yekaterinburg, University of Humanities, 2017, 347 p.

 9. Chen Y.C., Li R.H., Chen C.H. Relationships among adolescents' leisure motivation, leisure involvement, and leisure satisfaction: A structural equation model. Social Indicators Research, 2013, no. 110(3), pp. 1187–1199.

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17. Latova N.V. Dosugovye praktiki rossiiskikh rabotnikov kak faktor formirovaniia ikh chelovecheskogo potentsiala [Leisure practices of Russian employees as a factor of their human potential formation]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniia, 2019, no. 11, pp. 63–72.

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The article examines the problem of excessive workload of university teachers in the Russian Federation. It has been established that the classroom workload of higher education teachers is three to four times that of their foreign counterparts. While the standard workload of Russian university teachers is 900 academic hours, abroad it is approximately equal to 200-300 hours per year. The reasons for this situation have been identified. In particular, it was caused by such circumstances as a change in the policy of the state, positioning education as a service, or a technical system. The results of an empirical study are presented, which show the opinion of university teachers about the existing classroom workload. Teachers talk about the need to adjust the classroom load to the standards of foreign colleagues. It is absolutely necessary to take account of the hours one needs to prepare for one’s classes, examinations and tests, to supervise term papers and theses. It is proved that this situation is one of the factors of higher education destruction in Russia. There is an actual devaluation of higher education. Such a situation with the classroom workload affects not only higher education, but also the development of the whole society. A number of measures are proposed to solve this problem, for instance, informing the authorities about the possible consequences, reducing the classroom load, changing the status of education as a service, introducing a different procedure for calculating teachers' salaries.

Keywords: higher education, classroom workload, practical classes, lectures.

Leonid B. Ershtein – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Department of Medical and Biological Disciplines, Glazov State Pedagogical Institute named after V.G. Korolenko, е-mail: leoleo1972@mail.ru.

1. Tipovoe polozhenie ob obrazovatel'nom uchrezhdenii vysshego professional'nogo obrazovaniia (vysshem uchebnom zavedenii) [Model provisions on educational institution of higher professional education (higher educational institution)]. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 14/02/2008 No. 71. Available at: https://base.garant.ru/192772/ (accessed 15.01.2021).

2. Kovtun E.N., Rodionova S.E. Nagruzka prepodavatelei i studentov v novykh usloviiakh obucheniia: printsipy planirovaniia i ucheta [Students’ and teachers’ workload under the new teaching conditions: Planning and accounting conditions]. Filologiia i kul'tura, 2012, no. 2(28), pp. 59–63.

3. Kudiukin P.M. U rossiiskikh prepodavatelei samaia bol'shaia nagruzka v mire [Russian teachers have the largest workload in the world]. Available at: http://netreforme.org/news/pavel-kudyukin-u-rossiyskih-vuzovskih-prepodavateley-samaya-bolshaya-nagruzka-v-mire/ (accessed 14.01.2021).

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8. Iashin A.A., Strukova M.N. Normirovanie i raspredelenie uchebnoi nagruzki: vzgliad praktika [Work quota setting of academic load: Practical review]. Universitetskoe upravlenie: praktika i analiz, 2015, no. 6(100), pp. 100–108.

9. Raichuk D.Iu. Auditornaia nagruzka PPS v svete mirovogo opyta [Teaching load in the light of international experience]. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii, 2016, no. 1, pp. 105–112.

10. Karavaeva E.V., Teleshova I.G., Ul'ianova M.E., Echenike V.Kh. Vozmozhnost' ispol'zovaniia metodologicheskikh printsipov evropeiskogo obrazovaniia v rossiiskikh universitetakh [Applicability of the methodological principles of European education at Russian universities]. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii, 2013, no. 1, pp. 3–13.

11. Koz'mina Ia.Ia. Predpochteniia prepodavatelei vuzov otnositel'no nauchnoi deiatel'nosti i prepodavaniia [Preferences of professors about research and teaching]. Voprosy obrazovaniia, 2014, no. 3, pp. 135–151.

12. Roshchina Ia.M., Filippova T.N. Prepodavateli na rynke obrazovatel'nykh uslug. Informatsyonnyi biulleten' [Educators in the educational services market. Bulletin]. Moscow, HSE, 2006, no. 2 (20), 32 p.

13. Mikhalkina E., Skachkova L., Gaponenko N. Normirovanie truda v vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniiakh: analiz norm truda professorsko-prepodavatel'skogo sostava [Labor rationing in higher educational institutions: Analysis of teaching staff labor standards]. Available at: http://lmart.sfedu.ru/index.php/issledovanie-i-ekspertiza-rynka-ruda/publikatsii­so­trudnikov/33-ffgfh (accessed 15.01.2021).

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17. Bryson C. What about the workers? The expansion of higher education and the transformation of academic work. Industrial Relations Journal, 2004, vol. 35(1), pp. 38–57.

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The article examines the social aspect of commercial advertising that manifests itself in the life of modern society. The fact is noteworthy that advertising is considered not from the point of view of marketing, or indicators of the economic efficiency of a particular product promotion, or even features of the individual choice between the alternatives presented, consumer behavior of members of different social groups. Rather, it is more about the place of advertising in the socio-cultural space, its role in the formation of the general life context, the narrative that influences individuals throughout their lives, intertwining with the value-motivational structure and creating a certain part of reality which is considered and accepted as an objective space of conditions and consequences. In other words, we put focus on the connotative component of the advertising message which reveals itself through the images shown, appeals that depict the relationship to the elements of the surrounding world and other people, the world refracted through the possession of a particular product, its use and thus finding oneself in a certain place in the social hierarchy. Illusory goods become real by picking up or creating certain cultural trends and wrapping the products offered by the manufacturer in their form, which tangibly affects the life of the individual. In doing so, the author investigates the simulative nature of advertising, its meaning and significance in the context of the information society, the effects that it imposes on everyday life, the place of advertising in the structure of the global world and even its role in the course of geopolitical processes.

Vladimir R. Unesikhin – Postgraduate Student, Department of Sociology and Political Science, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, е-mail: unvovan12@gmail.com.

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16. Feofanov O.A. Reklama. Novye tekhnologii v Rossii [Advertising. New technologies in Russia]. Saint-Petersburg, Peter, 2000, 376 p. 

17. Timshin V.A. Postmodernistskii vzgliad na reklamu: simuliatsiia v sisteme veshchei [Postmodern view on advertising: Simulation in things system]. Vestnik Viatskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2011, no. 1-4, pp. 57–60.

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The article suggests that considering the problem of disability, sociology points to two key paradigms – medical, formed by biomedical and traditional approaches, and social, where an innovative, post-traditional concept of disability is promoted. The traditional paradigm is linked to the understanding of disability by foreign researchers in the context of the functionalist approach of T. Parsons and his followers, symbolic interactionism, including the theory of Hoffman's stigmatization, the traditional medical approach taken by the World Health Organization from the 1980s until 2001. An innovative, social approach to disability in foreign sociology is expressed in the theory of individual adaptation, the socio-environmental model, the model of social constructivism, the materialistic-evolutionary approach and the paradigm of emancipative research.

An analysis of the works of Russian authors made it possible to highlight additionally such models as the legal model, the model of cultural pluralism and the socio-cultural model, the concept of extrability.

The article presents the conclusions of modern authors that a full implementation of the social approach to understanding disability in Russia is impossible due to the actual social, legal and cultural traditions, as well as the emerging model of civic participation in Western countries in opposition to the omnipresent concept of social security.

Thus, the sociological analysis that presents the evolutionary context of foreign theoretical and methodological approaches to the essence of disability and their reflection in Russian research depicts a general understanding of the content of this problem in sociology.

Keywords: disability, otherness, disability model, stigmatization, impairment, limitation of life activity, exclusion, inclusion, integration, socialization, resource potential of people with disabilities, independent life of people with disabilities, extrability.

Milana I. Grigoryeva – Senior Lecturer, Social Work and Conflict Study Department, Perm State University, e-mail: milanagrekhova@list.ru.

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The article highlights some of the ideas of Prof. Nariman A. Aitov, the founder of a school of sociological thought in Bashkortostan and Kazakhstan, as expressed in his last work Chubaisology. The work, however, is not only – and not so much – about Anatoly Chubais. N. Aitov analyzes the events taking place in Russia and other CIS countries, associated with an attempt to build socialism, and then move from ‘barracks socialism’ to ‘wild capitalism.’ The book is about socio-cultural processes, which importance for humanity will only increase over time, and will occupy the minds of an increasing number of specialists.

Prof. N. Aitov does not intend to unmask somebody. He speculates on what happened, first of all, in order to substantiate the conclusion that trying to go back to the origins is fruitless; one should not try to repeat the path of weakening capitalism, so as not to get to the new revolution; ‘barracks socialism’ will not bring happiness either. The problem, he argues, is rooted in the fact that people, having tried both ‘barracks socialism’ and ‘wild capitalism’ and ‘democracy’ with tank shooting, have lost faith in future. But this cannot go on for so long, states the author. The situation is dangerous because people who are not satisfied with the alternative ‘capitalism – barracks socialism’ can support a charlatan or careerist who would brainwash people into accepting the third path in order to seize power.

Keywords: capitalism, barracks socialism, cooperative socialism, social structure, social relations, initial capital, privatization, voucher.

Ravil T. Nasibullin – Doctor of Sociology, Professor, Head of the Department of Sociology and Social Technologies, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, e-mail: nasibullin@inbox.ru.

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The main goal of this study is to analyze and evaluate modern information technologies against the backdrop of the growing macroeconomic instability, uncertainty and risks. Following the summary of different approaches to the study of information technologies of management, we consider their application in the agricultural sector of the economy. Attention is drawn to various interpretations of the probabilistic nature of the effectiveness of using such technologies to prevent and overcome the risks of external and internal environment of agricultural enterprises. The authors singled out the modernization risks as a separate group associated with the need to renovate the fixed assets of the agro-industrial complex. The authors describe the current stage of development of information technologies of management in the context of converging info-, nano-, bio-, and cognitive technologies (NBIC-convergence). The functional distribution of information technologies of management is revealed. The advantages and disadvantages of a centralized and decentralized risk management system are clarified, taking into account the trend towards their universalization and solving the issues of businesses’ operation restructuring.

The authors put forward their own system theoretical and methodological approach, which allows to form a comprehensive and synergistic methodology for risk assessment, and to adjust it flexibly to the activities of specific enterprises.

Keywords: information technology, macroeconomic instability, uncertainty, risks, management.

Dmitry K. Stozhko – Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History and Philosophy, Ural State University of Economics, e-mail: d.k.stozhko@mail.ru.

Konstantin P. Stozhko – Doctor of History, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Professor, Department of Philosophy, Ural State Agricultural University, e-mail: kostskp@mail.ru.

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The paper deals with the features of the digital environment, which contribute to a sharp increase in the level of instability of business activities. A necessity to clarify a number of provisions and tools of traditional strategic planning was substantiated. The essence of digital transformation was determined and the main problems highlighted, i.e. the lack of a clear strategy, the inconsistency of the organizational culture with the required transformations, the lack of digital competencies, outdated technologies, the lack of coordination of traditional and new technologies and the high cost of implementing innovations. The author advances an approach to the digital transformation strategy as a prioritization tool that provides a winning position for an enterprise in a rapidly changing market based on the use of digital technologies to solve and formulate new business problems. The study demonstrates possible directions of ensuring the flexibility of a digital strategy, such as: the development of partnership and cooperation mechanisms, participation in ecosystems, real-time decision-making based on big data analysis, the use of flexible technologies both for implementation and for developing a strategy. A hypothesis about the feasibility of developing a minimum viable strategy was formed. As an extra means of increasing the flexibility of the digital transformation strategy, it is possible to offer a modular structure of its construction based on the application of the concept of enterprise architecture and the establishment of a close connection between the enterprise strategy and the business model and IT architecture. A brief description of digital business models was given. It was noted that ecosystem-type business models including digital platforms are the most successful in the digital environment. The stages of digital transformation were identified, and the models for assessing digital maturity, a system of key indicators and roadmaps of digital transformation were considered as additional tools for their implementation. Finally, the author proposes a generalized structure of tools for strategic management of enterprise development in the digital environment arranged by stages of digital transformation.

Keywords: digital environment, digital transformation, problems, management tools, digital transformation strategy, prioritization, business model, digital maturity model, key metrics, roadmap.

Tatyana A. Gileva – Doctor of Economics, Professor, Department of Entrepreneurship Economics, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, e-mail: t-gileva@mail.ru.

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The article substantiates the positive impact of technoparks on the development of the region's economy and small and medium-sized businesses. Overcoming the economic recession has had a stimulating effect on the development of innovative systems, in particular, technology parks, high-tech centers, and special economic zones, which helped to resist the crisis. A moderate recovery in financial and economic indicators depends on innovative technologies and production solutions that optimize costs and improve the quality of resource potential, and help create new jobs. The conditions for innovative development depend on the formation of a modern infrastructure that contains a base for services: coordination, economic, and informative base. Innovation infrastructure should interact with the scientific environment, promote the study of the market environment, and develop commercial activities in the scientific and technical sphere.

The promising directions of the influence of technoparks on the activities of small and medium-sized businesses are studied on the basis of the existing potential and functional elements that are necessary in crisis conditions. Technoparks are a tool for implementing state programs for innovative modernization of the Russian economy, primarily in high-tech industries. The prospects for the development of technoparks on the example of the Perm krai are studied. The models of world technopark development are explored. The author also discovers the effects of these structures on the economy of the region and certain areas of the national economy.

Keywords: technopark, models of technological development, synergetic effect, cooperation, technologies, innovative economy.

Matvei S. Oborin – Doctor of Economics, Professor, Department of Economic Analysis and Statistics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Perm branch; Professor, Department of World and Regional Economy and Economic Theory, Perm State National Research University; Professor, Department of Management, Perm State Agro-Technological University named after Academician D.N. Pryanishnikov; Professor, Department of Management and Technologies in Tourism and Service, Sochi State University, e-mail: recreachin@rambler.ru.

1. Mal'tseva A.A., Chevychelov V.A. Mirovye tendentsii razvitiia tekhnoparkovykh struktur: vyborochnyi analiz [Global trends in the technopark units’ development: Sampling analysis]. Problemnyi analiz i gosudarstvenno-upravlencheskoe proektirovanie, 2019, no. 2, pp. 29–42.

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Problems of development of single-industry towns have been in the research focus of various sciences for a long time. This is because of the fact that the sustainable socio-economic development of single-industry towns is essential for the country's economy. These cities are home to the tenth part of population of Russia, more than 25% of the country's cities belong to the mono-profile cities.

Success of the search and application of measures aimed at solving the problems of single-industry towns depends on the chosen paradigm. The approach in which single-industry towns were considered as "factory cities" loses its relevance since in modern conditions problems of the quality of life, attractiveness of territory for people become extremely important, therefore, transition to new paradigm is required – "city for person, city for life".

The author proves that measures to eliminate mono-dependence should be linked to creation of favorable urban environment, which requires studying its quality and determining the avenues of development. The paper gives an insight into the quality of urban environment of the cities of Chelyabinsk oblast and Perm krai, Russia, representing two categories: 1) single-industry towns with the most difficult socio-economic situation, 2) single-industry towns with existing risks of deterioration of the socio-economic situation. A comparative analysis of quality indexes of urban environment in the regional context allowed us to identify leaders and outsiders, features of urban environment in the context of research categories, as well as in the context of urban areas.

Grouping single-industry towns of Chelyabinsk oblast and Perm krai by socio-economic status and quality of the urban environment made it possible to determine for each group the most developed urban areas that increase attractiveness of the city for citizens and potential migrants, and areas that need extra efforts from the authorities in since the former are not fully able to meet the needs of the population.

Keywords: single-industry town, single-industry settlement, city-forming enterprise, urban environment, urban environment quality index, state aid.

Natalya M. Logacheva – Doctor of Economics, Leading Researcher, Chelyabinsk branch of the Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, e-mail: logacheva.nm@uiec.ru.

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In conditions of geopolitical instability and crisis phenomena in the world economy, the transition of certain countries to a new stage of scientific and technological development predetermines fundamental changes in the functioning of socio-economic systems at all levels of the economic system. The paradigm of innovative development of the national economy conditions the special role of regional innovative systems in the structure of the Russian economy and the expediency of their consistent integration into global innovation processes.

The article provides an overview of theoretical approaches to the essence of the category ‘innovative environment’ and its fragmentary aspects in the concepts of the GREMI approach, ‘open innovation’, innovation ecosystems, national and regional innovation systems, as well as in agglomeration and cluster theories. The elements of the innovation environment are considered, the mechanism of their interaction at the regional level is presented. The factors of the innovation environment that contribute to the sustainable development of the regional economy are systematized. Identified also are the problems hindering the development of innovative processes in Russian conditions at the present stage.

As a result of the study, it was concluded that it is necessary to develop a regional innovation environment in terms of increasing the level of involvement and interaction of stakeholders in the innovation process. Ensuring the unity of production and consumption on the basis of innovation can be the basis of stability in the context of solving strategic tasks to achieve sustainable development targets not only for individual territories, but also for the country as a whole. To overcome stagnation in the field of knowledge generation, it is necessary to significantly strengthen state and non-state support for fundamental and applied scientific research, the development of collaboration partnerships, as well as innovative and technological competencies of the regions.

Keywords: innovation, innovation system, innovation environment, institutional approach, regional economy, sustainable development.

Tatyana N. Topoleva – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Senior Researcher, Udmurt branch of Institute of Economics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Izhevsk, e-mail: tn-topoleva@mail.ru.

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The article analyzes the process of global aging and the mechanisms of adaptation of the socio-economic system to its consequences. Population ageing is the leading and most notable trend among global demographic developments of the last decades, accompanied by deformation of the age structure of the workforce, reduction in the level of economic activity, increasing dependency on the employed population. However, this phenomenon, seen as negative, in general, for national economies, has also a positive effect for older people employment. Acting as the most important element of active long life, the labor activity of the elderly population begins to acquire the functions of one of the drivers of economic growth and socio-economic well-being of the aging society as a whole. The efforts made by society to prolong the active social and economic life of people of the silver age can be compensated by their demand for goods and services for the elderly. In fact, a new segment of the production of goods for people of the ‘third age’ is being formed on the world consumer market. The adaptation of the economy to the effects of population aging in the most general form has been called the ‘silver economy’, or ‘longevity economy’. The authors draw attention to the fact that the longevity economy can become a driver for the development of a whole range of industries that serve the needs of the silver age population. The article is devoted to the significance, composition, scale and spatial structure of the global silver economy. The aging process should not be considered as a threat to economic well-being; rather, it is vital to see the benefits that a healthy, active and financially independent population of the silver age can bring to society.

Keywords: life expectancy at birth, average age of the population, population aging, ‘silver economy’, ‘longevity economy’, employment of elderly people, extension of work activity, older consumers, AgeTech market.

Nadezhda V. Goroshko – Candidate of Geographical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Regional Studies and Tourism, Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University; Associate Professor, Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Novosibirsk State Medical University, e-mail: goroshko1@mail.ru.

Sergei V. Patsala – Senior Lecturer, Department of Geography, Regional Studies and Tourism, Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, e-mail: s-pacala@mail.ru.

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The proportion of emotionality and rationality in the decision-making process in international business deals is poorly researched field from the side of Economic Psychology. No matter this, from a scientific point of view it will be very useful to provide a model which is capable to define the amount of emotionality versus rationality. The difficulty in creating such a model arises from the fact that the elements in the decision-making process have a qualitative character. Therefore, it is important to propose a concept of a model which converts qualitative factors into quantitative indicators in order to define their ratio. This would allow a comparison between the two elements concerning emotional and rational behaviour, which are mutually an integral part of the decision-making process.

The article develops an approach that defines the share of emotionality to rationality in international trade deals. This approach is built up on different psychological meaning embedded in the questions of the survey. The degree of rationality and emotionality is determined on the basis of the answers that respondents give and depends on whether they choose answers that carry an emotional or rational charge. As the participants in the study are international counterparties from Europe, an analysis of their behavior towards the nationality of each of them is made. The uniqueness of intercultural differences also influences how rationally and emotionally the research results are distributed.

New features and trends in the development of international economic relations have a significant impact on the effect of rationality in the decision-making process, but the emotional component will continue to be a significant factor until the creation of Artificial intelligence to replace the human factor.

Keywords: economic behaviour, decision-making process, emotionality, rationality, international business deals.

Ivet G. Tileva – Doctor, Department of International Economic Relations and Business, University of National and World Economy, email: itileva@unwe.bg.

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At present, borrowed and attracted sources of project funding are covered widely in Russian literature and abroad. Therefore, the article seeks to differentiate the Russian concepts of grant, subsidy and loan as components of borrowed and attracted sources of project financing (support). The definitions under consideration in the literature often contradict the monistic interpretation of their gist. The lack of clarity and transparency of interpretations leads to a misunderstanding by the authors, initiators, project managers of the terms of financing (support) of their projects and subsequent risks. Such a pluralism of opinions initiated the analysis of the essence and main content of these terms. The article considers each concept as it is used in regulatory and legal documents, dictionaries, books and academic papers on the subject. For each concept, 7-12 unique interpretations are presented, as well as an example of application in practice and the author's creative interpretation of the material presented. As a result of the categorical analysis, it is concluded that grants and subsidies refer to the attracted sources of financing for projects, since in this form funds are attracted to the project free of charge and irrevocably but with a specific purpose (targets are set). Loans refer to borrowed sources of financing. They are less preferable for applicants, authors, initiators, project managers than grants and subsidies, since they are to be returned, often with interest. However, targeted loans are issued for specific purposes and under preferential terms (preferential interest rate).

Keywords: grant, subsidy, loan, financial support programs, sources of financing, project financing, money for the project.

Yelena A. Rybkina – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Production Economics, Institute of Economics and Finance, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8932-8405, e-mail: fishkarea@mail.ru.

Milyausha I. Zakirova – Undergraduate Student, Institute of Physics, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-8990, e-mail: miss98milya@gmail.com

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The article presents a theoretical overview of the definition of "food security" of the territory, including the socio-economic factors of influence. The main legal acts regulating the issues of ensuring food safety are presented. Federal legislation, as well as regional regulations of the Bryansk oblast, Russia, are given. The author carried out an analysis of the market of food products in the Bryansk oblast and assesses food security of the region, applying the most popular methods of Russian economists. The algorithm of evaluation in accordance with the selected approaches is presented in the form of diagrams that reveal the key components of the economic category under study and demonstrate how to determine the values of the criteria. The main factor models for calculating integral indicators are presented, and an algorithm for interpreting the evaluation results is suggested. Taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of the described methodological approaches, the safety assessment of the food market of the Bryansk oblast is done. The author describes the state of the agro-industrial complex of the region, analyzes its development and identifies the problems that reduce the level of food security in the region. The physical and economic availability of food for the population of the region is a key indicator of food security. While physical accessibility implies an ability of the economy and the agro-industrial complex of the region to supply the necessary amount of food for the population, economic accessibility mirrors the purchasing power of the population to acquire available products. In this regard, it is obvious that ensuring the food security of the region directly depends on the stability of the regional economy, on its stability. It is essential to create favorable conditions for the development of all sectors of the region's economy. At the same time, the main focus is on the development of the agro-industrial complex. The main strategic goal of the region's development is to improve the standard of living of the population.

Keywords: food security, physical accessibility, economic accessibility, region, assessment methodology.

Olga V. Mikheenko – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of State Management, Economic and Information Security, Bryansk State Engineering and Technological University,
e-mail: miheenkoov@mail.ru.

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The development and implementation of accounting policies reflecting various aspects of processing accounting and analytical information are familiar to any business entity. Developing accounting policies in the field of financial accounting and management accounting are commonplace. However, in the context of the increasing role of green production, raising issues of an eco-friendly economy, the problem of designing an environmental accounting policy, an element of the system of accounting and analytical support of corporate activities as a whole, comes to the fore. The article aims at substantiating the role and significance of developing accounting policies in the field of environmental accounting.

The aim of the work is to develop the theoretical background of environmental accounting by improving methodological aspects.

Following the problem statement, the major avenues have been determined to define the concept of environmental accounting from the standpoint of a system approach, with the elements of the environmental accounting system highlighted. Drawing on the data of theoretical analysis on the subject matter, the goals of developing an accounting policy for the purposes of environmental accounting are described. The author elaborates a definition of accounting policy for the purposes of environmental accounting as an internal document of an organization, designed to reflect a certain set of methods for maintaining an environmental accounting system, description of environmental accounting objects, features of environmental accounting for management needs, and determine the environmental potential of the enterprise. A distinctive feature of the author's definition is the consideration of organizational, technical and methodological aspects.

The results of the study are of practical importance, contributing to making better managerial decisions at industrial enterprises.

Keywords: accounting policy, environmental accounting, industrial enterprises, information, environmentally oriented production.

Tatyana G. Sheshukova – Doctor of Economics, Professor, Academician of International Higher Education Academy of Sciences, Honored Worker of Russian Higher Education, Perm State National Research University, e-mail: sheshukova@psu.ru.

Yevgeniya R. Mukhina – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Economics and Industrial Production Management, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, e-mail: scancens@rambler.ru.

1. Sheshukova T.G., Mukhina E.R. K teorii razvitiia ekologicheskogo ucheta na promyshlennom predpriiatii v usloviiakh formirovaniia innovatsionnoi ekonomiki [To the theory of development of ecological accounting on industrial enterprise in the conditions of innovative economy formation]. PNRPU Sociology and Economics Bulletin, 2017, no. 2, pp. 141–151.

2. Borodin A.I. Sistema ekologicheskogo bukhgalterskogo ucheta [System of ecological book keeping]. Vestnik Stavropol'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomicheskie nauki, 2005, no. 43, pp. 121–132.

3. Konobeev Iu.V. Evoliutsiia i garmonizatsiia ekologicheskogo ucheta: mezhdunarodnyi opyt i problemy adaptatsii dlia rossiiskikh organizatsii [Evolution and harmonization of environmental accounting: International experience and adaptation problems for Russian organizations]. Uchet i statistika, 2007, no. 1(9),
pp. 153–160.

4. Krupina N.N. Biznes-prirodopol'zovanie v transformatsionnoi ekonomike: problemy motivatsii [Commercial use of natural resources in transformational economy: Problems of motivation]. Doctor’s degree dissertation, Yekaterinburg, 2006, 346 p.

5. Lykova E.E. Ekologizatsiia uchetnoi sistemy kak novoe napravlenie reformirovaniia bukhgalterskogo ucheta v Rossii [Ecologization of accounting system as a new direction of accounting reformation in Russia]. Al'manakh sovremennoi nauki i obrazovaniia, 2015, no. 4(94), pp. 100–102.

6. Makarova N.N., Timofeeva G.V. Ekologicheskii audit i ekologicheskii uchet: sovremennyi podkhod [Ecological audit and ecological accounting: Modern approach]. Audit i finansovyi analiz, 2014, no. 5, pp. 168–172.

7. Mishigdorzh M. Ekologicheskii uchet v sovremennoi ekonomike [Environmental accounting in the modern economy]. Teoriia i praktika razvitiia ekonomiki na mezhdunarodnom, natsional'nom, regional'nom urovniakh. Proc. Int.
Acad. Conf. 2014, pp. 174–177.

8. Pshenichnyi V.A. Uchetno-analiticheskoe obespechenie ekologicheskogo menedzhmenta predpriiatii gazovoi otrasli [Accounting and analytical support in environmental management of enterprises in the gas industry]. Abstract of PhD thesis. Stavropol, 2012, 149 p.

9. Khmelev S.A., Suglobov A.E. Metodicheskie aspekty ekologo-orientirovannogo ucheta i audita v tseliakh obespecheniia ekonomicheskoi bezopasnosti predpriiatii promyshlennosti [Methodical aspects of ecology-oriented accounting and audit with a view of maintenance of economic safety of industrial enterprises]. Vektor nauki Tol'iattinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2011, no. 3, pp. 95–101.

10. Shapiguzov S.M., Shneidman L.Z. Sistema ucheta prirodookhrannoi deiatel'nosti predpriiatiia [Accounting system for environmental protection
activities of an enterprise]. Ekologicheskii uchet i audit, Moscow, FBK-PRESS,
1997, pp. 7–10.

11. Volodin O.N., Gazarian N.M. Ekologicheskii uchet kak faktor povysheniia konkurentosposobnosti kompanii [Environmental accounting as a factor in increasing the company's competitiveness]. Ekonomika i predprinimatel'stvo, 2016, no. 1-1 (66-1), pp. 852–860.

12. Gubaidullina I.N., Ishmeeva A.S. Ekologicheskii uchet kak faktor ekonomicheskoi bezopasnosti khoziaistvuiushchego sub"ekta [Ecological account as factor of economic security of the economic entity]. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniia, 2015, no. 1-1, p. 657.

13. Zhelbunova L.I. Problemy formirovaniia i granitsy bukhgalterskogo ekologicheskogo ucheta [Formation and framework problems of ecological accounting]. Ekonomika Rossii v XXI veke. Tomsk, 2014, pp. 68–70.

14. Il'icheva E.V. Ekologicheskii uchet v usloviiakh realizatsii politiki ekologicheskoi sbalansirovannosti [Ecological accounting in the conditions of ecological balance policy]. Abstract of Doctor’s degree dissertation. Oryol, Oryol State Technical University, 2010, 48 p.

15. Rubanova N.N. Ekologicheskii uchet na predpriiatiiakh stroitel'nykh materialov [Ecological accounting in the building materials enterprises]. Abstract of Ph.D. thesis. Oryol, Oryol State Technical University, 2005, 23 p.

16. Sannikova I.N., Shavkunova N.A. K voprosu o bukhgalterskom ekologicheskom uchete i otchetnosti [On the ecological accounting and reporting]. Mezhdunarodnyi bukhgalterskii uchet, 2009, no. 2(122), pp. 2–7.

17. Ishmeeva A.S. Bukhgalterskii ekologicheskii uchet v sistema informatsionnykh istochnikov upravleniia [Balance environmental accounting system management information sources]. Pravovoe gosudarstvo: problemy ponimaniia i realizatsii. Proc. Int. Acad. Conf. Ufa, 2015, pp. 225–229.

18. Panteleeva Iu.A. Vzaimosviaz' bukhgalterskogo ekologicheskogo ucheta s upravlencheskim ekologicheskim uchetom i ekologicheskim analizom [Correlation between ecological accounting and ecological management accounting with environmental analysis]. Sovremennye tendentsii v ekonomike i upravlenii: novyi vzgliad, 2010, no. 4-2, pp. 32–35.

19. Sergeeva E.A. Ob ekologo-orientirovannoi otchetnosti v analiticheskoi otsenke ustoichivosti predpriiatii [On eco-oriented statements in the analytical assessment of enterprises sustainability]. Vestnik Taganrogskogo instituta upravleniia i ekonomiki, 2011, no. 1, pp. 50–53.

The article examines the manifestations of illegal entrepreneurship in the oil industry, the opposition to which opens up opportunities for expanding legal entrepreneurship in the industry. The purpose of the study was to identify, analyze and assess the possibilities and prospects for increasing the scope of legal entrepreneurship in the oil industry in modern conditions.

State regulation of entrepreneurial activity in such key sectors as the oil industry largely determines the pace and level of development of the national economy and the country as a whole. The quality of production and financial and economic activity in the entire national economy depends on a balanced socio-economic strategy that takes into account the maximum number of aspects of entrepreneurship development.

As a result of the study, an assessment was made of the manifestations of illegal entrepreneurship and shadow economic activity in the oil industry. Models of such activities are studied. Shadow economic activity in the oil industry is considered in conjunction with corruption in business. The paper discovers the schemes of corruption in relation to the subject of industrial entrepreneurship and its internal and external environment, as well as specific prerequisites for the emergence of shadow economic activity in combination with manifestations of corruption in the activities of domestic business entities in the oil industry. Indicators of the dynamics of the illegal entrepreneurship development and the processes of shadowing in the oil industry are proposed. The processes of altering the scale of illegal entrepreneurship and shadow economic activity are described in terms of institutional characteristics and consequences. The paper gives recommendations for expanding the scale of legal entrepreneurship in the oil industry by preventing the development of shadow economic activity and illegal entrepreneurship in the.

Keywords: legal entrepreneurship, oil industry, illegal entrepreneurship, development factors, government regulation, legalization.

Dmitry V. Bunkovsky – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy and Social and Humanitarian Disciplines, East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, e-mail: bdv611@yandex.ru.

1. Markov A.V. Strategicheskie osnovy formirovaniia i razvitiia regional'nogo rynka toplivno-energeticheskikh resursov [Strategic formation and development foundations of the regional fuel and energy resources market]. Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta, 2006, no. 4, pp. 265–271.

2. Topoleva T.N., Ishmanova M.S. Rossiiskie predpriiatiia v usloviiakh sektoral'nykh sanktsii [Russian enterprises in sectoral sanctions]. Problemy regional'noi ekonomiki, 2014, no. 3-4, pp. 223–228.

3. Klimova N.I., Krasnoselskaya D.K., Khamzina D.R. An empirical study on the relationships between sales revenue of oil company (Rosneft) and industry specific and exogenous characteristics. Journal of Applied Economic Sciences, 2018, vol. 13, no. 8(62), pp. 2261–2268.

4. Rosstandart predstavil obnovlennuiu kartu kachestva topliva [Rosstandart presented an updated table of fuel quality]. Federal Agency on Technical Regulating and Metrology, available at: https://www.rst.gov.ru/portal/gost/home/presscenter/ news?portal:componentId=88beae40-0e16-414c-b176-d0ab5de82e16&navigational­state=JBPNS_rO0ABXczAAZhY3Rpb24AAAABAA5zaW5nbGVOZXdzVmlldwACaWQAAAABAAQ2NjgxAAdfX0VPRl9f (accessed 02.04.2020).

5. Sredniaia stoimost' litra benzina i dizel'nogo topliva v regionakh Rossii [Average cost per liter of gasoline and diesel fuel in the regions of Russia]. Federal Agency for Technical Regulating and Metrology, available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/ folder/70843/document/71416 (accessed 02.04.2020).

6. Krivoshlykov V.S., Zhakhov N.V., Fomicheva L.M. Upravlenie ugrozami ekonomicheskoi bezopasnosti: obzor teoreticheskikh kontseptsii [Management of economic security threats: Overview of theoretical concepts]. Vestnik Kurskoi gosudarstvennoi sel'skokhoziaistvennoi akademii, 2016, no. 9, pp. 69–74.

7. Puliaev N.N., Khudashova A.I. Rossiiskii rynok smazochnykh materialov v usloviiakh importozameshcheniia [Russian lubricants market in terms of import]. Nauka bez granits, 2016, no. 5, pp. 36–42.

8. Sanakoeva D.K., Khugaeva D.M. Sovremennye problemy obespecheniia ekonomicheskoi bezopasnosti na makro- i mikrourovne v RF [Modern problems of ensuring economic security at the macro and micro levels in the Russian Federation]. Aktual'nye problemy gumanitarnykh i sotsial'no-ekonomicheskikh nauk, 2017, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 131–132.

9. Peskova D.P. Korruptsionnye otnosheniia v sovremennom obshchestve [Corruption relations in contemporary society]. Vestnik Akademii nauk Respubliki Bashkortostan, 2012, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 47–52.

10. Riabov A.N., Eliseeva O.V. Uchet barternykh operatsii: problemy i osobennosti [Accounting for barter transactions: Problems and features]. Studium, 2014, no. 1-2(30-31), 10 p.

11. Mosakova E.A. Offshornyi biznes kak faktor natsional'noi bezopasnosti v sovremennom global'nom mire [Offshore business as a national security factor in today’s global world]. UEPS: upravlenie, ekonomika, politika, sotsiologiia, 2016, no. 2, pp. 7–12.

12. Rakhmeeva I.I. Podkhody k problemam funktsionirovaniia biurokratiches­kogo apparata v ekonomike obshchestvennogo sektora [Approaches to problems of state machinery activity in public sector economy]. Zhurnal ekonomicheskoi teorii, 2012, no. 1, pp. 134–139.

13. Gordienko M.S., Gryzunova N.V., Zakharova D.S., Polyakova A.G. Fiscal mechanisms for the deoffshorization of the Russian economy. SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social sciences and Arts, 2018, vol. 5, no. 1.3, pp. 191–199.

14. Rodionov D.G., Zaitsev A.A., Dmitriev N.D. Intellektual'nyi kapital v strategii obespecheniia ekonomicheskoi bezopasnosti Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Intellectual capital in the strategy of ensuring economic security of the Russian Federation]. Vestnik Altaiskoi akademii ekonomiki i prava, 2020, no. 10-2, pp. 156–166.

15. Chernyakhovskaya L., Nizamutdinov M., Oreshnikov V., Atnabaeva A. Approach to the organization of decision support in the formulation of innovative regional development strategies applying adaptive-simulation model. Upravlenie, 2019, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 103–112.

16. Trofimova N.N. Kontseptsiia ustoichivogo razvitiia kak strategicheskaia osnova delovoi reputatsii predpriiatii real'nogo sektora ekonomiki [Concept of sustainable development as strategic basis of business reputation for enterprises of real sector of economy]. Vestnik Surgutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2020,
no. 3(29), pp. 36–44.

17. Nazarova L.N., Nusratullin I.V., Aksenova A.A., Gazizyanova Yu.Yu., Tikhonov A.I. Socio-economic development of Russia. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, 2019, vol. 10, no. 2(40), pp. 616–624.

18. Il'in I.V., Rostova O.V., Koposov V.I. Modelirovanie i algoritmizatsiia neitral'nykh k rynochnomu risku strategii [Modeling and algorithmization of strategies neutral to market risk]. Ekonomika i upravlenie, 2013, no. 1(87), pp. 90–95.

19. Amirova E.F., Petrova L.I., Ziuzya E.V., Sleptsov V.V., Krishtaleva T.I., Kuznetsova M.V. Import substitution as an economic incentive mechanism for Russian commodity producers. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 2019, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 926–931.

20. Shibaeva N.A., Zarudneva A.I., Sozinova A.A., Shuvaev A.V., Alek­seev A.N. Restructuring of tax liabilities as an upcoming trend of economic diversification in modern Russia. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 2019, vol. 182, pp. 83–89.

The paper discusses scientifically based methods of enterprise management on the basis of innovative development. The study is also focused on economic effects of the innovative lean manufacturing project at the OOO Lysvaneftemash (Lysva oil engineering plant), particularly on the results of the 5S system introduction since 2013.

The topic under study is very relevant at present, since few engineering enterprises can afford innovations in their production that require significant material resources. Until now, some enterprises use old equipment that consumes many resources and materials, while using inefficient and uneconomical technologies. The introduction of the principles of lean manufacturing at enterprises and companies can significantly reduce costs without much investment and, accordingly, increase corporate incomes.

Having analyzed the case of OOO Lysvaneftemash, the authors have proved that the implementation of the lean production does not require big costs but does bring a sensible effect in terms of finance, time and organization. These principles allow any company, no matter its profile and production type, to avoid crisis, even in difficult economic situation.

The article outlines the vectors of the production system development at OOO Lysvaneftemash, namely: teaching the staff the lean manufacturing elements, the 5S system, a procedure of improvement submission, working with A3 projects, general productive maintenance of equipment, mapping the value stream, etc.

Finally, the project documentation on lean production development at OOO Lysvaneftemash was screened for economic effects.

Keywords: lean manufacturing, crisis management, 5S, 5S for the office, innovation, bankruptcy procedures, integrated quality management system and lean production, production synchronization, proposal for improvement, economic effect.

Yelena V. Tikhova – Head of Reclamation Department, OOO Lysvaneftemash, e-mail: tihova_ev@lsv.borets.ru.

Lyubov N. Guselnikova – Senior Lecturer, Department of Technical Disciplines, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Lysva Branch, e-mail: elengus2010@yandex.ru.

Tatyana O. Soshina – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Technical Disciplines, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Lysva Branch, e-mail: soshtanya@rambler.ru.

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7. Maskell B.H., Baggaley B. Practical lean accounting: A proven system for measuring and managing the lean enterprise (Russ. ed.: Maskell B., Baggali B. Praktika berezhlivogo ucheta (upravlencheskii, finansovyi uchet i sistema otchetnosti na berezhlivykh predpriiatiiakh). Moscow, Institute for Integrated Strategic Studies, 2013, 383 p.).

8. Fabrizio T., Tapping D. 5S for the office: Organizing the workplace to eliminate waste (Russ. ed.: Fabritsio T., Tepping D. 5S dlia ofisa: kak organizovat' effektivnoe rabochee mesto. Moscow, Institute for Integrated Strategic Studies, 2008, 214 p.). 

9. Polozhenie po konkursu “Lider v oblasti razvitiia proizvodstvennoi sistemy” [Provisions on the competition “Leader in the development of the production system”]. Lysva, Lysvaneftemash, 2017, 7 p. 

10. Polozhenie po konkursu “Luchshee predlozhenie po uluchsheniiu” [Provisions on the competition “The best suggestion for improvement”]. Lysva, Lysvaneftemash, 2018, 5 p.

11. Polozhenie po konkursu “Luchshii po organizatsii rabochikh mest v sootvetstvii s sistemoi 5S” [Provisions on the competition “The best in organizing workplaces according the 5S system”]. Lysva, Lysvaneftemash, 2018, 10 p.

12. Polozhenie Ob otsenke rabochikh mest na sootvetstvie sistemy 5S [Regulations on the assessment of workplaces for compliance with the 5S]. Lysva, Lysvaneftemash, 2018, 18 p.

13. Reglament raboty komissii po otsenke sostoianiia i kachestva obsluzhivaniia oborudovaniia [Commission work regulations for assessing the condition and quality of equipment maintenance]. Lysva, Lysvaneftemash, 2018, 51 p.

14. Sistema 5S: Organizatsiia rabochego mesta ofisnogo rabotnika [System 5S: Organization of the office workplace]. Lysva, Lysvaneftemash, 2018, 41 p.

15. Reglament po obespecheniiu kontrolia tekhnicheskogo sostoianiia oborudovaniia i podderzhaniia kul'tury proizvodstva na territorii uchastkov sborochnogo, mekhanicheskogo tsekhov i ispytatel'noi stantsii [Regulations on ensuring control of equipment technical condition and maintaining a culture of production on the territory of the assembly, mechanical workshops and testing station]. Lysva, Lysvaneftemash, 2018, 121 p.

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18. Polozhenie o razvitii proizvodstvennoi sistemy RD 84.01/00 [Regulation on the development of the production system RD 84.01/00]. Lysva, Lysvaneftemash, 2018, 218 p.

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20. Jackson T.L. Hoshin Kanri for the lean enterprise: Developing competitive capabilities and managing profit (Russ. ed.: Dzhekson T. Khosin kanri: Kak zastavit' strategiiu rabotat', Moscow, Institute for Integrated Strategic Studies, 2008, 248 p.).

The work assesses the development of recreational tourism and its management in the Nizhny Novgorod agglomeration. The authors believe that one of the goals of managing recreational tourism at the present stage is to determine its avenue and develop low-budget tourist facilities on various territories of the Nizhny Novgorod agglomeration. In the article, the object of the study is the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod agglomeration, which has high attractiveness for tourists.

The authors distinguish the capital factors of recreational tourism of the agglomeration system, general features of the development of the Nizhny Novgorod agglomeration system. The authors argue that the established practice of management relations concerning region-agglomeration and municipal units within the Nizhny Novgorod agglomeration requires a special study and a comprehensive system analysis. Obviously, in order to improve recreational areas, it becomes necessary to expand the range of potential objects and management methods. The article shows the ratio of established factors and rich recreational potential in order to identify promising directions of management of recreational tourism in modern socio-economic conditions.

The authors' conclusions regarding the management of recreational tourism in modern conditions expose the need to form an umbrella brand and actively exploit recreational resources in the Nizhny Novgorod agglomeration, to create low-budget flatwork objects for tourists. The trend nature of managing recreational tourism of the Nizhny Novgorod agglomeration manifests itself in the comprehensive coordination of all structures of municipalities and the commeasurable improvement of the agglomeration infrastructure for sightseers. It is justified that joint integration plans of the authorities and stakeholders should play an important role in the effective management of recreational tourism in the agglomeration system.

Keywords: recreational tourism, umbrella brand, tourist, agglomeration, tourism infrastructure, tourism management.

Sergei L. Ivankovsky – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Economics of Enterprises and Organizations, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, e-mail: ivankovskiy@iee.unn.ru, lew1968@mail.ru.

Irina A. Sudarikova – Lecturer, Department of Management in Sports, Faculty of Physical Culture and Sports, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod (UNN) E-mail: lebedevairine@gmail.com.

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