In the article the degree of influence on the quality of services at car service stations of such an important factor as the qualification of personnel is determined, and the recommendations for choosing the optimal car service station are developed.

One of the main tasks of the administration of a car service station is the selection of personnel who will ensure the performance of services at a high level, both in quality and in time of execution. The administration also pays attention to such factors as the location of the service station, equipment, time of year, quality of components and attention to suppliers of purchased spare parts.

The objects of the study were several car service stations in Orenburg. The more car service stations is selected for analysis and further research, the more information can be obtained, respectively, a high probability of obtaining accurate results.

A comprehensive system for assessing the quality of car maintenance and repair work allows solving many tasks of a car service station (to determine the degree of influence of external and internal factors on the work of the car service station, to take into account the risks when purchasing spare parts from various suppliers, to calculate the loss of time to find the necessary spare parts, to predict unforeseen costs of the service station).

The theoretical and experimental studies presented in the paper will be improved taking into account the situation, both with personnel and in the market of equipment and spare parts, which will minimize the impact of many factors on the quality of maintenance and repair work, as well as on the economic situation of the car service station.

Keywords: qualification of personnel, car service station, quality of work, comprehensive evaluation system, spare parts, indicator.

Sergey V. Bulatov (Orenburg, Russian Federation) – Head of the laboratory of the department "Technical operation and repair of cars", candidate of the academic degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences, Orenburg State University (149, Pobedy Avenue,  Orenburg,460008, Russian Federation, e-mail: bul.sergey2015@yandex.ru).

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The operation of vehicles requires periodic transmission and engine diagnostics to determine such parameters as engine capacity, transmission efficiency and braking force. These parameters are determined on specialized loading and braking roller testing benches that can be equipped with different loading devices. One of such loading devices is hydraulic coupling that adjusts rotation resistance torque by filling coupling inner cavity. Such type of loading device can only be used to measure dynamic characteristics of the vehicle. The advantages of using the hydrodynamic coupling as a testing bench loading device ensure its wide application. However, a number of disadvantages prevent the use of hydrodynamic coupling in the brake bench, as well as in transferring the loading torque to the object of loading. To combine the functions of loading and breaking benches, a devise based on hydrodynamic coupling with constant filling of the inner cavity with working fluid is proposed. Loading torque control is achieved by changing the rotation frequency of the fluid coupling wheel, which, depending on the situation, can function as a pump or a turbine. Hydrodynamic coupling rotation frequency is controlled by the speed regulator of the electric engine. The device also provides coupling wheel blocking function to ensure constant loading torque. The research subject is a hydrodynamic device for loading automobile test benches that determine the operating parameters of internal combustion engines and automobile transmissions. In the course of research structural design of the loading device and the principles of its operation have been defined, and computational dependences for determining the loading torque have been developed.

Keywords: hydrodynamic loading device, test bench for internal combustion engines of automobiles, traction tester, brake testing bench, torque, fluid coupling.

Oleg V. Vorozhtsov (Pskov, Russian Federation) – Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Road Transport, Institute of Engineering, Pskov State University (4, st. Lev Tolstoy, Pskov, 180000, Russian Federation, e-mail: voroz1968@mail.ru).

Anna S. Dmitrieva (Pskov, Russian Federation) – Senior Lecturer of Automobile Transport chair, Institute of Engineering, Pskov State University (4, st. Lev Tolstoy, Pskov, 180000, Russian Federation, e-mail: anna-listratova@rambler.ru).

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The relevance of the study lies in the need to improve the technologies for the regeneration of hydraulic oils and liquids using mobile modular installations in the conditions of enterprises of various forms of ownership. The advantages and disadvantages of modern devices for cleaning used engine oils are considered.

The purpose of this work is to substantiate the possibility and necessity of restoring the initial or permissible properties of hydraulic oils and liquids. A review was carried out followed by an analysis of the factors contributing to the change of the key properties of hydraulic oils. It has been established that it is necessary to control and monitor changes in the viscosity, acid properties of hydraulic oils, as well as to fix the causes and volumes of accumulation of mechanical impurities. Rejection requirements for hydraulic oils and liquids have been formulated.

 An analysis of the currently existing methods for the regeneration of hydraulic oils and liquids has been carried out. An assessment of the possibility of using existing methods in the conditions of enterprises of various directions is given. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed technological solutions was carried out by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of existing regeneration plants. Both theoretical and practical conditions for the introduction of various methods for performing regeneration measures at the base sites or operating assigned equipment were examined.

As a result of the conducted research, the most rational method of regeneration of lubricating oils by a mobile installation has been identified. It is proved that the application of the proposed complex for implementation will save significant funds, especially in the conditions of sanctions policy and a significant increase in raw material prices.

Keywords: hydraulics, oil, regeneration, mobile plant, recycling, efficiency, analysis, selection.

Vladimir Е. Zinovev (Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation) – PhD in Science, assistant professor, head of the department "Operation and Repair of Machines" Rostov State Transport University (2, Sq. Rostovskogo strelkovogo polka narodnogo opolcheniya, Rostov-on-Don, 344038, Russian Federation, e-mail: erm@kaf.rgups.ru).

Julia S. Zinovieva (Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation) – PhD in Science, assistant professor,Rostov State Transport University (2, Sq. Rostovskogo strelkovogo polka narodnogo opolcheniya, Rostov-on-Don, 344038, Russian Federation, e-mail: y_zinoveva@mail.ru).

1. Zinovev V.E. Faktory opredelyayushchie srok sluzhby ekspluatatsionnykh zhidkostey dlya gidravlicheskikh sistem stroitelnykh i dorozhnykh mashin [Factors determining the service life of operational fluids for hydraulic systems of construction and road vehicles]. Transport: Nauka, obrazovanie, proizvodstvo – 2020. Materialy mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konference. Rostov-on-Don, Rostovskii gosudarstvennyi universitet putei soobshcheniia, 2020, pp. 325-339.

2. Zinovev V.E. Vyyavlenie faktorov vliyayushchikh na dolgovechnost uzlov sobrannykh s primeneniem polimernykh sostavov [Identification of factors affecting the durability of assemblies assembled using polymer compounds]. Transport: Nauka, obrazovanie, proizvodstvo – 2017. Materialy mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konference. Rostov-on-Don, Rostovskii gosudarstvennyi universitet putei soobshcheniia, 2017, pp. 24-29.

3. Zinovev V.E. Ekspluatatsionnye materialy [Operational materials]. Rostov-on-Don, Rostovskii gosudarstvennyi universitet putei soobshcheniia, 2014, 123 p.

4. Zinovev V.E., Aleksanian I.M., Kargin R.V. Sovershenstvovanie sposobov upravlenija zhiznennym ciklom nazemnyh transportnyh sredstv v processe jekspluatacii [Improving land vehicle lifecycle management in use]. Rostov-on-Don, Rostovskii gosudarstvennyi universitet putei soobshcheniia, 2020, 122 p.

5. Zinovev V.E., Aleksanian I.M., Kharlamov P.V., Zinovev N.V. Sovershenstvovanie sposobov upravleniya zhiznennym tsiklom nazemnykh transportnykh sredstv v protsesse ekspluatatsii. [Modern technologies of repair of ground transoport facilities]. Rostov-on-Don, Rostovskii gosudarstvennyi universitet putei soobshcheniia, 2021, 130 p.

6. Pugin K.G., Piromatov U.A. Analiz tsirkulyatsii rabochey zhidkosti v udalennykh uzlakh gidroprivoda gidrofitsirovannykh mashin [Analysis of working fluid circulation in remote hydraulic drive units of hydrofected machines]. Transport. Transportnye sooruzhenija. Jekologija, 2021, no. 3, pp. 30-37.

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In this paper, the main issues of vehicle controllability are considered, the operation of the main suspension units during the passage of curves is considered. The paper uses analytical methods for assessing the factors influencing the complex indicators of vehicle stability. When considering such indicators, the main parameters affecting the mechanical system were taken into account, such as inertia forces, counteraction forces, gravity forces and forces resulting from movement along the curve.  The main ways of increasing the adhesion of vehicles to the road surface and methods of reducing the load on the suspension of the car to effectively counteract the lateral force acting on the vehicle at the moment of being in the curve are proposed. As a result of the work, the main vulnerabilities of the car suspension were identified. The main parameters affecting the stability of vehicle tires to side slip, affecting the effectiveness of traction with the road surface are highlighted. With further parameterization of the tire-roadbed interaction model, it will be possible to achieve an increase in the speed of passing curves and a decrease in the risk of vehicle drift. Also, on the basis of the constructed model, it will be possible to design a suspension capable of self-leveling the vehicle by introducing a hydraulic stabilization system that works to resist the moment of inertia and the torque resulting from the impact of lateral force. These calculations and, subsequently, improvements in the design of vehicles will increase the safety of using vehicles, reduce the risk of rollover and lateral displacement of the vehicle when passing the curve, regardless of the geometric characteristics of the vehicle, as well as its curb weight.

Keywords: controllability, vehicle, suspension, tires, curve passage, interaction model, lateral force, moments of inertia.

Nikita V. Zinoviev (Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation) – postgraduate student of the Rostov State University of Railways (2, Rostov Rifle Regiment Square, Rostov-on-Don, 344038, Russian Federation, e-mail: zinovev009@gmail.com slave).

Julia S. Zinovieva (Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation) – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Rostov State University of Railways (2, Rostov Rifle Regiment Square, Rostov-on-Don, 344038, Russian Federation, e-mail: y_zinoveva@mail.ru).

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11. Pugin K.G. Analiz tsirkuliatsii rabochei zhidkosti v udalennykh uzlakh gidroprivoda gidrofitsirovannykh mashin[ Analysis of working fluid circulation in remote hydraulic drive units of hydrofected machines] // Transport. transportnye sooruzheniia. ekologiia. 2021 № 3.

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14. Pugin K.G., Shaiakbarov I.E., Vlasov D.V. Teplovoi udar v gidravlicheskikh sistemakh stroitel'nykh i dorozhnykh mashin, ekspluatiruemykh v usloviiakh nizkikh temperature [ Heat stroke in hydraulic systems of construction and road vehicles operated at low temperatures] // Transport. Transportnye sooruzheniia. Ekologiia. – 2020. – № 2. – S. 118-130.

15. Burakova, M.A. Issledovanie friktsionnykh svoistv zhidkikh smazochnykh materialov [Investigation of friction properties of liquid lubricants] / M.A. Burakova; Trudy Mezhdunarodnoi NPK «Transport: nauka, obrazovanie, proizvodstvo», aprel' 2020 v 4-kh tomakh. Tom 1. Tekhnicheskie nauki. – FGBOU VO RGUPS.- Rostov n/D,, 2020. – S. 202 – 206.

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17. McGinley P. Decision analysis software survey. OR/MS Today- 2014. - 41 (5)

The object of the study is the state of the issue of recycling used car tyres. The aim of the paper is an attempt to find a solution to the problems associated with the disposal of used car tyres on the example of the Bryansk region.

Nowadays, the number of cars both in Russia and in the world is steadily increasing, and so is the environmental damage caused by cars. Moving away from hydrocarbon fuels and switching to the electric energy helps reducing air pollution, but all cars use tyres that wear out and require disposal. Until recently, the main way to dispose of them was throwing them into landfills or incineration. With the prohibition of this disposal method, a need arose for the processing of used tires by grinding them into crumb rubber or for fuel.

It has been established that in the Bryansk region, the regional operator for municipal solid waste management is Chistaya Planeta JSC, which accepts tyres from the population at 5 points, which, givenn the size of the Bryansk region, is extremely insufficient to prevent tyres from being thrown into container sites and unauthorized dumps. In addition, the capacity of the tyre pyrolysis plant is insufficient.

An analysis of information on the location of the tyre recycling plants showed that they are located quite far from Bryansk, which leads an increase in transportion costs and the cost of tyre recycling.

In Bryansk, OJSC Sovtransavto-Bryansk-Holding has a tyre-repair plant for retreading truck tyres using the cold vulcanization method, with a capacity of around 6,000 retreadable tyres per year.

To solve the problem of tyre recycling, it is advisable to increase the production capacity at JSC Chistaya Planeta" and to organize tyre shredding at the tyre plant of JSC Sovtransavto-Bryansk-Holding.

To solve the problem of collecting tyres, it is proposed to use a network of car service organizations working both in the city of Bryansk and in the districts of the region.

Keywords: car, ecology, car tyres, tyre recycling.

Vladimir V. Sivakov (Bryansk, Russian Federation) – PhD in Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of «Transport and Technological Machines and Services» Department, Deputy Director for Academic Work in Institute of Forest Complex, Transport and Ecology, Bryansk State University of Engineering and Technology (3, Stanke Dimitrov Av., Bryansk, 241037, Russian Federation, е-mail: sv@bgitu.ru ORCID: 0000-0002-0175-9030, ResearcherID: R-7264-2019).

Anatoly M. Buglaev (Bryansk, Russian Federation) - Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Bryansk State Technical University (7, Boulevard 50 years of October, Bryansk, 241035, Russian Federation, е-mail: an.buglaev@yandex.ru ORCID: 0000-0001-6923-4815, ResearcherID: AAH-2776-2021).

Sergey S.Gryadunov (Bryansk, Russian Federation) – PhD in Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Bryansk State Technical University (7, Boulevard 50 years of October, Bryansk, 241035, Russian Federation, е-mail: grydunowcc@mail.ru ORCID: 0000-0003-1141-9969, ResearcherID: AAI-2666-2020).

Roman Yu. Derevyagin (Bryansk, Russian Federation) – master's student of thе «Transport and Technological Machines and Services» Department, Bryansk State University of Engineering and Technology (3, Stanke Dimitrov ave., Bryansk, 241037, Russian Federation, е-mail: irom4u94@gmail.com).

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The lack of technologies to recycle and reuse existing materials has led to massive environmental problems on Earth. For the operation of most industries and transport, natural raw materials are needed, which are not endless, and after the completion of the work, they become waste, worsening the environment. Changes in the layers of the atmosphere on a global scale have led to global climate deterioration, which over the past century has been expressed in an increase in average annual air temperatures and precipitation. Recycling of materials, in particular, rubber waste in this case will help to solve a number of emerging problems. The transport network of the Russian Federation is one of the largest in the world, so its development is of high importance in economic and social terms. However, the continuous growth of motorization leads to environmental pollution with waste products that are formed as a result of the operation of road transport. So, now there is a problem of recycling worn-out car tires, which are a difficult-to-decompose material. Recycling rubber into crumbs contributes to the emergence of secondary raw materials for the construction of new environmentally friendly urban infrastructure and bike paths. A larger percentage of cycle paths with safe and high-quality pavement will directly contribute to the emergence of environmentally friendly and mobile transport, which, with a systematic approach to organizing new traffic patterns, can provide people with an alternative to a car, a convenient and environmentally friendly option for moving around the city. Thus, rubber crumb in this chain solves several problems related to waste recycling and the introduction of environmentally friendly modes of transport in cities. However, the existing crumb rubber pavements are a highly specialized category. Hence, there is a need to conduct scientific research in the field of effective use of crumb rubber. The results of the experiment made it possible to evaluate the water absorption for various types of crumb rubber and determine the most suitable material for pavement.

Keywords: rubber crumb, environmental safety; environmental protection, climate, bikeways pavements, eco-friendly transport.

Vladimir A. Shilov (Yaroslavl, Russian Federation) – Master of the Department of Technology of Building Production, Yaroslavl State Technical University (40, st. Krivova, Yaroslavl, 150048, Russian Federation, e-mail: vladimir.shilov.98@mail.ru).

Aleksey A. Ignatyev (Yaroslavl, Russian Federation) – Director of the Institute of construction and transport engineers Yaroslavl State Technical University, candidate of technical sciences, docent (40, st. Krivova, Yaroslavl, 150048, Russian Federation, e-mail: ignatyevaa@ystu.ru).

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The problem of the use of pipe-concrete structures in bridge engineering is considered and the experience of the People's Republic of China in this area is noted. The state of the problem of calculating pipe-concrete structures for the action of loads is briefly analyzed. It is noted that in China, on the basis of the studies performed, a good regulatory framework for the calculation of pipe-concrete structures has been created, and many studies by Chinese engineers and scientists are based on the work of our researchers. Unfortunately, in Russia there are practically no regulatory documents on the use of pipe concrete. It is indicated that due to the high survivability of pipe-concrete structures and the ease of their manufacture, it is promising to use pipe-concrete structures for the construction of small bridges, which is especially important in areas remote from construction industry enterprises with an underdeveloped network of roads.

The analysis of the results of the experiment of Chinese scientists from the Chongqing University of Railways on the study of the work of two types of pipe-concrete columns in axial compression was carried out. The results of the experiment are compared with calculations based on several standards systems containing the calculation method for composite columns, such as AISC (American Institute of Steel Structures), EC4 (Eurocode 4), NBR 8800 (Brazilian standards), and GB (China national standards). It has been established that the actual bearing capacity of all pipe concrete samples turned out to be significantly higher than the theoretical values determined in accordance with the conservative prescriptions of these standards. Also, in order to prepare for the design of experimental structures of a pipe-concrete bridge, calculations of steel-reinforced concrete racks were carried out according to the current SP 266.1325800.2016 «Composite-reinforced concrete structures. Design Rules», taking into account the fact that the provisions of this document do not apply to the design of bridge structures. It turned out that the actual bearing capacity of the pipe-concrete props exceeds the theoretical values. At the same time, the calculated limit forces according to different standards approximately correspond to each other, which may be the result of the conservatism inherent in all reliable standards, expressed in a certain margin of safety.

It has been established that the design of steel-pipe concrete structures in our country is associated with certain difficulties, such as an insufficient volume of regulatory documents and a complete lack of standard solutions. Designing structures based on the existing conservative regulatory framework ensures the creation of safe structures with a large margin of safety, but does not allow the full potential of the structure to be used.

Keywords: pipe concrete, steel pipe concrete, pipe concrete bridges, experimental studies of pipe concrete, typical structures, pipe concrete design standards, efficiency of pipe concrete application

Konstantin Yu. Astankov – Associate Professor, Department of Bridges and Transport Tunnels, Ural State University of Railway Transport (66, Kolmogorov str., Yekaterinburg, 620034, Russian Federation, e-mail: ast-most@yandex.ru).

Anatoliy S. Permikin – Associate Professor, Department of Bridges and Transport Tunnels, Ural State University of Railway Transport (66, Kolmogorov str., Yekaterinburg, 620034, Russian Federation, e-mail: prmmost@gmail.com).

Igor G. Ovchinnikov – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Automobile roads and bridges, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (29, Komsomolsky ave., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation), Professor, Department of Bridges and Transport Tunnels, Ural State University of Railway Transport (66, Kolmogorov str., Yekaterinburg, 620034, Russian Federation, e-mail: bridgesar@mail.ru).

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The ever-increasing demand for transport, coupled with the deteriorating condition of artificial structures, presents challenges to maintaining a healthy transport network. They cover a wide range of economic, environmental and social issues that go beyond the technical boundaries of transport construction and, in particular, bridge construction. Such constraints complicate bridge designs and motivate innovation to design and build safe bridges. Sustainable design aims to minimize the cost of bridge construction projects and the associated impact on the environment and society. In order to contribute to the sustainable development of civil infrastructure, reducing environmental impact and mobility impairment, construction companies need to analyze their activities not only within the construction of facilities today, but also in the future. Civil engineers are responsible for improving the lives of the population through infrastructure. They are responsible for doing this in an efficient and cost-effective way, in addition, all this must be done in an environmentally sound way or, as they say abroad, “green”. The article provides a brief analysis of the terminology of sustainable development in terms of engineering approaches in construction, as well as an overview of methods for improving environmental performance and limiting its impact on the environment. Multi-objective optimization is formulated to provide multiple trade-offs and high performance solutions that balance economic, environmental and social goals. Every bridge project must be designed for the society it serves. Although this seems like a basic concept, from a sustainable development perspective, taking into account all the factors associated with the areas that the bridge connects is a challenge. Once it was enough to just be useful, but nowadays bridge building not only serves today's generation, but also aims to meet the needs of the future one.

Keywords: sustainability, ecology, sustainable, design, construction, bridge, engineering, innovation.

Maksim A. Korotkov (Tyumen, Russian Federation) – undergraduate, Tyumen Industrial University (4, Lunacharskogo str., Tyumen, 625001, Russian Federation, e-mail: korotkov.1998@mail.ru).

Igor G. Ovchinnikov (Perm, Russian Federation) – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Tyumen Industrial University, Professor of the Department of Automobile Roads and Bridges, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (29, Komsomolsky аve., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, e-mail: bridgesar@mail.ru).

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For the development of domestic transport systems, not only highways and high-speed roads are essential, but also roads of the usual type of public use, which, according to the existing classification, are classified as regional, intermunicipal and local roads, are of significant importance. Such roads, along with federal highways, are affected by the increasing vehicle speeds, axle loads, total curb weight of the vehicle, etc. In this paper, the features of the operation of low-water bridges, which are found on roads of regional, inter-municipal, local significance, as well as on private roads, are considered. The paper examines in detail the vibrations of the bridge superstructure, taking into account its interaction with other structural elements and the environment (soil, water), as a characteristic, the change of which takes into account the change in the state of the bridge structure, it is proposed to use its own oscillation frequency. Determination of the vibration frequency of the structure will allow to identify defects, damages and deviations from the design, leading to a decrease in the bearing capacity of the bridge, as well as to build predictive models of the behavior of load-bearing structures during the intensification of external influences, to evaluate strength, durability and reliability. The developed mathematical and algorithmic software can be implemented in vibration diagnostics systems of bridge crossings, allowing not only to detect and identify defects and malfunctions, but also to predict the dynamics of changes in operational parameters at any time of the year. The developed approach can be applied in the development of algorithms for a monitoring system, which plays an important role in improving the safety of operation of bridge crossings at different times of the year and extending the life cycle of the entire structure.

Keywords: bridge crossings, monitoring, viscoelastic elements, damping of nodes, vibration frequency, vibration period, transport system.

Alexey A. Loktev (Moscow, Russian Federation) – Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Transport Construction, Russian University of Transport (MIIT) (22/2 Chasovaya st., Moscow, 125190, Russian Federation; SPIN-code: 5766-6018, Scopus: 35618959900, ResearcherID: W-1762-2017, ORCID: 0000-0002-8375- 9914; e-mail: aaloktev@yandex.ru).

Daniil A. Loktev (Moscow, Russian Federation) – Deputy Dean, Associate Professor of the Department of Information Systems and Telecommunications, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Moscow State Technical University m. N.E. Bauman (5, 2nd Bauman str., Moscow, 105005, Russian Federation, SPIN-code: 4883-9877, Scopus: 42678664892, ResearcherID: E-2381-2017, ORCID: 0000-0002-8742-7837; e-mail: loktevdan@yandex.ru).

Lilia A. Illarionova (Moscow, Russian Federation) – Lecturer of the Department of Buildings and Structures in Transport; Russian University of Transport (MIIT) (22/2 Chasovaya st., Moscow, 125190, Russian Federation; SPIN-code: 3706-4022, Scopus: 57215419819, ORCID: 0000-0002-3432-8982; e-mail: illarionova.roat@mail.ru).

Ahmad Barakat (Moscow, Russian Federation) – postgraduate student of the Department of Building and Theoretical Mechanics; Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU) (26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation; SPIN-code: 3630-8917, ORCID: 0000-0002-8831-5183; e-mail: ahmadbarakat9992@gmail.com).

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The article deals with the construction of a mathematical model of the interaction of an access embankment with an artificial structure with the aim of its subsequent use to determine the most effective way to strengthen the camp embankment. Considering rail transportation as a production process, an integral part of the uninterrupted functioning of the enterprise - ensuring the uninterrupted connection of access embankments with artificial structures (bridges, overpasses, culverts) corresponds to the long-term development program of the OJSC Russian Railways, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation on March 19, 2019 No. 466-R. At the junction of physically heterogeneous structures, such as an access embankment and an artificial structure, settlements and deformations are often found, leading to the appearance of additional dynamic forces and the appearance of irregularities, even destruction of the road surface (in the case of road bridges). To study the effectiveness of the use of piles in determining the settlement of the embankment, we used our own mathematical model of the railway embankment, developed in the Midas GTX NX software package. The model is a soil massif. We used real data on the mechanical characteristics of the soils of the approach embankment, on which the railway embankment is located. On the embankment, the load acting from the railway rolling stock is modeled. Based on the results of theoretical studies, solutions were obtained on the effectiveness of the method of strengthening sections of variable stiffness, depending on the climatic features of the construction site. Based on the available sources, it was concluded that mathematical models for determining the settlement of a subgrade body reinforced with bored piles, depending on the temperature regime of the area, were not previously considered.

Keywords: embankment, site of variable stiffness, mathematical model, subsidence, temperature accounting.

Stanstanislav G. Tserekh (Saratov, Russian Federation) – Postgraduate student, Assistant of the Department of Transport Engineering (Transport Construction), Saratov State Technical University named after Yu.A. Gagarin (77, Politechnicheskaya str., Saratov, 410054, Russian Federation, e-mail: tserekh@list.ru).

Igor G. Ovchinnikov (Perm, Russian Federation) – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Roads and Bridges, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (29, Komsomolsky ave., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, e-mail: bridgesar@mail.ru).

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