In this work, the data source is a surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD). The operating regime of the SDBD produces current pulses on a measuring shunt located in the return electrode. For statistical analysis, equipment state assessment, and decision-making by the control system, it is necessary to record current pulses over a wide range of amplitudes. Technical limitations of measurement systems that can be implemented in control units of real equipment lead to the loss of a part of the useful information, including data on the true amplitude of the most intense current pulses. This can result in incorrect estimates of the charge transferred during operation, flawed statistical data on the operating mode, and erroneous performance of machine learning (ML)–based classifiers. The goal of this work is to develop an algorithm for the mathematical reconstruction of lost data on current pulse amplitudes. A testing methodology is proposed that simulates real operating conditions of the algorithm, taking into account statistical analysis of the dataset. To solve the problem, we approximate the current pulse by its analytical model employing an adaptive hyperparameter tuning. We also apply preliminary signal smoothing using a Savitzky–Golay filter. The proposed algorithm made it possible to reconstruct 78% of pulses in the test set with an average error of 4,97 %, with 74,7 % of the reconstructed pulses recovered with an error of no more than 5 %. The algorithm can be used in signal processing for subsequent analytics or for training ML models to address tasks of classification, clustering, and detection of current pulses.

Keywords: information recovery, statistics, mathematical modeling, current pulses, surface dielectric barrier discharge, control systems.

Danil Yu. Nizamov (Moscow, Russian Federation) – postgraduate student Moscow University named after S.Yu. Witte (115432, Moscow, 2nd Kozhukhovsky Proezd, 12, Bldg. 1, e-mail: danilnizamov98@gmail.com).

Alexander V. Lazukin (Moscow, Russian Federation) – Ph. D. in Candidate of Technical Sciences National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (115409, Moscow, Kashirskoe Hwy, 31, e-mail: lazukin_av@mail.ru).

Sergey A. Zaitsev (Moscow, Russian Federation) – Ph. D. in Technical Sciences, Head of the Department of Information Systems Moscow University named after S.Yu. Witte (115432, Moscow, 2nd Kozhukhovsky Proezd, 12, Bldg. 1, e-mail: szaytsev@muiv.ru).

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The technology of plasma spraying of protective coatings is widely used in mechanical engineering, aircraft manufacturing and other fields to create a functional layer with special properties on the surface of parts and products, such as increased heat resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. To predict the properties of protective coatings, it is important to evaluate the thermal parameters of the protective layer. Due to the specific features of the technology, the protective layer is a heterogeneous multiphase material. The aim of the work. The problem of calculating the effective thermal conductivity of a flat inhomogeneous layer under stationary conditions with two types of boundary conditions is considered: the Dirichlet condition and mixed Dirichlet-Newton-Richmann conditions, as applied to the problem of assessing the thermophysical properties of special coatings. Method. A method is proposed for calculating the effective thermal conductivity of such a layer by averaging the normal component of the temperature gradient field to the surface. The advantage of the method is that the effective thermal conductivity coefficient calculated in this way makes it easy to calculate the thermal power transmitted by a non-uniform layer with a given thickness and area maintained at a constant temperature difference. This demonstrates the essence of the idea of ​​physical averaging, leading to the concept of an effective transverse thermal conductivity coefficient, which differs from a purely mathematical average. Main results. A model has been studied in which the layer heterogeneity is considered as a certain perturbation of a homogeneous layer with constant characteristics. Such a situation occurs when the layer is a homogeneous matrix with localized inclusions, at the boundary of which the thermal conductivity jump is small compared to the thermal conductivity of the main phase-matrix. In this model, the specific geometric shape of the inclusions and the specific number of their types (phases) do not matter. Solutions to the problem for different types of heterogeneities are given as examples: plane-parallel perturbation, periodic perturbation, and spherical heterogeneity. The first two options are typical for multilayer coatings, while the case of spherical perturbation models coatings with fairly large inclusions. For this option, a formula for the effective thermal conductivity of the layer has been obtained, which, unlike the formulas for the effective volumetric thermal conductivity, takes into account the geometric parameters of the layer and the inclusion. Practical significance. The considered calculation method allows both generalizations to more general formulations of heat conductivity problems and reformulations to mathematically equivalent problems of stationary electrical conductivity and, in general, any linear problems of stationary transfer.

Keywords: special coatings, heat conductivity equation, mathematical modeling, effective thermal conductivity, transverse thermal conductivity coefficient, inhomogeneities, composite materials.

Mikhail E. Soloviev (Yaroslavl, Russian Federation) – Doctor of Physico-Mathematical Sciences, Professor Institute of Digital Systems Yaroslavl State Technical University. SPIN-code: 7444-3564, ResearcherID: A-4528-2014, Scopus Author ID: 57190224257, ORCID: 0000-0002-8840-248X, e-mail: me_s@mail.ru.

Sergei S. Kokarev (Yaroslavl, Russian Federation) – Ph. D. in Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Director of the Interregional Educational Center "Logos", Yaroslavl, ORCID: 0000-0001-6944-1400, e-mail: logos-center@mail.ru

Sergei L. Baldaev (Moscow, Shcherbinka, Russian Federation) – Ph. D. in Technical Sciences, Deputy General Director for Technology, Technological Systems of Protective Coatings LLC, Moscow, Shcherbinka, ORCID: 0000-0002-1917-7979, e-mail: s.baldaev@tspc.ru

Lev Kh. Baldaev (Moscow, Shcherbinka, Russian Federation) – Doctor of Technical Sciences, General Director of Technological Systems of Protective Coatings LLC, Moscow, Shcherbinka ORCID: 0000-0002-9084-8771, e-mail: l.baldaev@tspc.ru

Julia N. Shuleva (Yaroslavl, Russian Federation) – assistant Institute of Digital Systems Yaroslavl State Technical University. ORCID: 0009-0000-1235-0049, e-mail: yuliya5153063506@mail.ru

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In systems with a dead-earthed neutral, there is a problem associated with load asymmetry at the terminals of single-phase consumer devices. The appearance of asymmetry in the supply network leads to an increase in power losses in it, as well as to the occurrence of voltage in the zero wire. The purpose of the study is to consider the effect of asymmetric single-phase loads on power losses in the supply overhead line with the establishment of voltage dependences on the metal housings of consumer devices, taking into account the connection options of the supply transformer windings. To study these effects, a modeling method was applied by creating a circuit of a power supply network using the MatLab software package. We considered two systems for connecting the windings of a power transformer, such as "star – star" – Y/Y0 and "triangle – star" – ∆/Y0. Power losses and voltage deviations among consumers of electric energy in main supply electric networks depend on the phase asymmetry of electrical loads. With voltage deviations at the terminals of single-phase consumers in the permissible values of 198...242 V, power losses, only on the 380 V main supply network, can reach 18 %. When using power step-down transformers with the winding connection scheme ∆/Y0, the voltage in phase "C" does not exceed the permissible deviation values when changing the load power in phases "A" and "B" from 5 to 150 kW, and with the connection scheme Y/Y0, the voltage in phase "C" is 244 V (when the load capacity in phases "A" and "B" is 34 kW) and exceeds the permissible deviation. It is noted that with phase asymmetry of loads, the voltage on the metal housings of electric receivers can reach 44 V. The results obtained emphasize the relevance of further research.

Keywords: electrical network, grounding loop, load asymmetry by phase, active power loss, neutral wire loss, three-phase network, experimental studies.

Ilya E. Ivagin (Chita, Russian Federation) – Postgraduate Student, Assistant Professor Department of Energy Transbaikal State University (672039, Chita, 49, Barguzinskaya str., e-mail: ivagin99@yandex.ru).

Ivan F. Suvorov (Chita, Russian Federation) – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Energy Transbaikal State University (672039, Chita, 49, Barguzinskaya str., e-mail: ivan.suvorov.1947@mail.ru).

Sergey V. Kakaurov (Chita, Russian Federation) – Ph. D. in Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Energy Transbaikal State University (672039, Chita, 49, Barguzinskaya str., e-mail: blackhawkserg@yandex.ru).

Andrey A. Ivanov (Chita, Russian Federation) – Postgraduate Student, Senior Lecturer Department of Energy Transbaikal State University (672039, Chita, 49 Barguzinskaya str., e-mail: andreyivanov110794@gmail.com).

Diana E. Pavlova (Chita, Russian Federation) – student of the Department of Energy of Transbaikal State University (672039, Chita, 49 Barguzinskaya str., e-mail: dianapavlova03@mail.ru).

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Modern shortest path search algorithms offer a variety of approaches to working with graphs and, consequently, have different computational complexity values. The fundamental factor influencing this diversity is the initial requirements for graph search. Despite this, the task of finding the shortest path from a single source to a set of vertices with a path length constraint can be further optimized in terms of the computational complexity of the algorithm used, as well as in terms of the memory usage of the computing machine when implementing the algorithm in software. Objective: to reduce the computational complexity of algorithms for finding the shortest path from a single source to a set of vertices based on changes in the graph structure. Methods: to achieve this objective, we propose using a graph clustering method that allows the area of the graph under consideration to be compressed within the path length constraints. To find the shortest path from one source to a set of vertices, we suggest using the Bellman-Ford shortest path search algorithm. Results: The application of the method is demonstrated on a graph with more than 500 vertices and more than 2000 edges, which is processed by the method through clustering and identification of minimum edges, followed by a comparison of the execution speed of the software implementation of the Bellman-Ford algorithm with different conditions for the input criteria for optimizing the shortest path search to determine the rationality of using each stage of graph processing. The practical significance of the proposed method lies in finding the area of the nearest vertices on the graph with optimization of the time and memory of the computing machine during the execution of the shortest path search algorithm. Further use of the method is aimed at improving the logistics networks of enterprises, but the method is not limited to this area and can be applied to other tasks.

Keywords: graph, graph clustering, shortest path search algorithm, path length constraint, Bellman-Ford algorithm.

Artur M. Astakhov (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation) – Assistant at the Higher School of Computer Technologies and Information Systems of Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University (195251, Saint Petersburg, internal territory of the municipal district Akademichesky, Polytechnicheskaya str., 29, lit. B, e-mail: astahov_am@sbpstu.ru).

Lyudmila V. Chernenkaya (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation) – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Professor at the Higher School of Computer Technologies and Information Systems of Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University (195251, Saint Petersburg, internal territory of the municipal district Akademichesky, Polytechnicheskaya str., 29, lit. B, e-mail: chern_lv@spbstu.ru).

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Based on the analysis of the general development trend and operational experience of electric drive control systems for machines and mechanisms that are part of modern tunnel-boring mechanized complexes (TВMC), taking into account the increasing requirements for reliable, efficient and safe operation of electrical equipment, the tasks of modernizing such systems based on the introduction of automated frequency-controlled electric drive devices into practice are set. The analysis of the existing control systems for electric drives of mechanized shields of the world's largest manufacturers: «Lovat» (Canada), «Robbins» (USA), «Herrenknecht» (Germany), «China Rail Construction Group» (China), «Hitachi» and «Mitsubishi Heavy Industries» (Japan). The advantages and disadvantages of relay-contactor and frequency-controlled systems for sequential soft-start of electric motors of combine rotor hydraulic drive pumps and TВMС tunneling jacks using the shield method of sinking, namely using a ground loader of the working area, during the construction of inter-station subway crossings, are established. The purpose of this article was to analyze the operating modes of the electric drive system of the combine rotor and to develop new ways to implement sequential soft start/braking/stopping, as well as speed control of electric motors of hydraulic pumps by using a frequency converter with an uncontrolled rectifier and an autonomous voltage inverter. The structure and algorithm of operation of an electric drive control system based on the use of sequential soft start/stop devices using a block of special power switches are proposed, which significantly improve the starting conditions for low–voltage electric motors with a capacity of 100-400 kV. The structure and algorithm of operation of an electric drive control system based on the use of a frequency converter for sequential soft start/stop is proposed, which significantly improves the conditions for starting, automatic pressure control in the hydraulic system and dynamic braking of electric motors when they are disconnected from the power source. Design options and algorithms for the operation of soft-start/stop systems of electric motors can also be used to directly control the speed of the transport screw and the stroke of TВMС tunneling jacks. The implementation of upgraded control systems for electric drives of machines and mechanisms within TВMС is an urgent task of scientific and practical importance.

Keywords: frequency-controlled electric drive, sequential soft-start system of electric motors, algorithm of operation of the electric drive control system, tunnel-boring mechanized complex, soft-start/stop control methods, electric drive of hydraulic pumps.

Alexander V. Pichuev (Moscow, Russian Federation) – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Energy and energy efficiency of the mining industry at the NUST MISIS (119049, Moscow, Leninsky pr., 4, building 1, e-mail: allexstone@mail.ru).

Vyacheslav V. Martyshkin (Moscow, Russian Federation) – Mechanical Engineer, MIP-Stroy No. 1 LLC (101000, Moscow, lane Devyatkin, 5 p. 3, room 204, e-mail: martyshkin_vv@mail.ru).

Egor A. Shkurenko (Moscow, Russian Federation) – Postgraduate student of the Department of Energy and Energy Efficiency of the Mining Industry at the National Research Technological University MISIS (119049, Moscow, Leninsky pr., 4, building 1, e-mail: egorshkurenko@yandex.ru).

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The digitization of production and the transition to new standards of enterprise operation necessitate the introduction of new approaches to equipment lifecycle management and, in particular, to the organization of maintenance and repair (M&R) work. The increase in the amount of information processed requires the introduction of automated decision support systems (DSS) for M&R management in order to implement a proactive maintenance strategy. It is proposed that the risk of equipment failure, combining the characteristics of reliability and significance of objects, be taken as the fundamental value for building an M&R plan. Objective: to improve the operational efficiency of complex technical systems. Methods: Decision-making is based on the application of probabilistic and statistical methods of information processing, risk assessment methods, and iterative methods for solving related problems. Results: A model for decision-making on maintenance and repair management has been formulated, reflecting the interrelationship between the three components of the operation process: work planning, inventory management, and resource allocation for work. A corresponding conceptual model of the decision support system and algorithms for the operation of the system's blocks are presented. The objective function of the M&R DSS is to minimize the risk of equipment failure, taking into account limitations on the availability of resources for repair work and spare parts and equipment components. The practical significance of the proposed model lies in the optimal construction of a maintenance and repair plan that affects production, logistics, and resource allocation, thereby influencing the stages of the life cycle of the equipment being serviced prior to operation.

Keywords: equipment life cycle, maintenance and repair management, decision support systems, decision-making model, related tasks.

Karina A. Leyzgold (Perm, Russian Federation) – Senior Lecturer of the Microprocessor Units of Automation Department Perm National Research Polytechnic University (614990, Perm, 29, Komsomolsky pr., e-mail: leizgold_ka@pstu.ru).

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The control systems of modern aircraft, as well as the aircraft engine itself, must be highly reliable. Therefore, special attention is paid to improving the fault tolerance of both the engine and the measurement channels during the design and operation of gas turbine engine control systems. During the operation of a gas turbine engine, the following situations may occur: failure of individual sensors in the measurement channels, and inaccurate information provided by the sensors. To solve this problem, an approach is proposed in which, in flight conditions, the parameters of the embedded mathematical model are refined using an identification approach, and the failure of the measurement channels is diagnosed in comparison with this model. The central task in this approach is to build an experimental model. This article discusses neural network experimental models. The purpose of the work is to calculate an identification model based on neural networks. To do this, a model of gas turbine engine parameters is selected, in which each parameter is a functional dependence on the others. A neural network is considered as a functional operator. The article presents the results of training neural network models and evaluates the adequacy of the models. The research results in the selection of the best model. Research methods are methods of structural and parametric identification, methods of training neural networks, statistical analysis of model adequacy. Practical significance is determined by the application of the experimental model as a "third-party" voice in assessing the malfunction (failures) both individual sensors of the measurement channel and the entire channel as a whole, which ultimately leads not only to the reliable functioning of the aircraft engine, but also to its effective control.

Keywords: gas turbine engine, fault tolerance, measurement channel, experimental model, neural networks, neural network training, model adequacy

Natalia V. Andrievskaia (Perm, Russian Federation) – Ph. D. in Technical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of Microprocessor Automation Tools Perm National Research Polytechnic University (614990, Perm, 29, Komsomolsky pr., e-mail: andrievskaia_nv@pstu.ru).

Sergey V. Ostapenko (Perm, Russian Federation) – general designer JSC «ODK-STAR», (614990, Perm, 140А, Kuibisheva str., e-mail: ostap-sv@ao-star.ru).

Aleksandr A. Iuzhakov (Perm, Russian Federation) – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Automation and telemechanic Perm National Research Polytechnic University (614990, Perm, 29, Komsomolsky pr., e-mail: uz@at.pstu.ru).

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The safety and reliability of aircraft gas turbine engines place increased demands on the quality of control. Therefore, the automatic control system for any dynamic parameter of a gas turbine engine is multi-loop, as it includes control not only of the main parameter, but also of the loops for limiting the maximum and minimum values of this parameter, the speed of change of the main parameter, and others. All this leads to the task of selecting the "main" control signal. Today, this task is solved using a standard selector that selects the control channel using the minimax principle. However, this principle is ineffective both in terms of management quality and reliability characteristics. The article discusses a qualitatively new approach – an automatic control system with a threshold model of collective behavior. The purpose of the work – conduct research on the gas turbine engine control system with a threshold model, determine the model parameters, and evaluate the control quality. The results of the work include the consideration of a threshold collective control model in an automatic fan speed control system, the calculation of model parameters, an experimental study in various flight modes, and an analysis of control quality. Research methods include methods for describing multi-agent systems using the mathematical apparatus of "collective behavior models," experimental methods for calculating models and dependencies, methods for simulation modeling, and methods for studying automatic control systems. Practical significance: the proposed threshold model of collective behavior is an alternative to the existing standard selector in a gas turbine engine, which provides the main indicators of engine control quality and eliminates the disadvantages of the standard selector.

Keywords: automatic control system for a gas turbine engine, control of overridden object, standard selectorб, control of overridden object, the threshold model of collective behavior, control quality.

Oleg A. Andrievskii (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation) – postgraduate student at the Saint Petersburg of Department of Automatic Control Systems Electrotechnical University (197376, Saint Petersburg, 5, Professora Popova str., e-mail: oaandrievskiy@stud.eltech.ru).

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